Colonization of Rwanda    - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 404 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Genocide Essay Did you like this example? Colonization of Rwanda  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Hutus and Tutsis have had a long history of being separate and unequal. It started with Rwanda being given to the Belgian Kingdom by the League of Nations. From the very beginning, the Belgians favored the Tutsi and used a sort of class system to identify between the Hutu and Tutsi. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Colonization of Rwanda  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  " essay for you Create order They measured nose length, head shape and used eye color and the darkness of skin to determine differences between the two. With the differentiation between the two groups, the Belgians mandated identification cards that stated their name and ethnicity. The Tutsi were very much a minority and the Belgians believed that they had descended from white ancestors. So naturally to them, they supplied the Tutsis with western education and put them on a pedestal, so to speak. This created many small uprisings from the Hutus in order to gain some power, as they made up roughly 85% of the population of Rwanda. With the Hutus rebelling and eventually winning elections held by Belgians, thousands of Tutsis relocated themselves into neighboring countries and territories out of fear of being ambushed by groups of Hutus and being murdered. Soon after, Belgians withdrew themselves of ownership of Rwanda which left Rwanda to the violent Hutu population. Constant boughs of slaughtering Tutsis came about every few years. They wanted to exterminate the Tutsi population from the country (WGBH Educational Foundation, 1995-2014). Rwandan Patriotic Front The prominent racial discrimination against the Tutsi continued. Meanwhile, in 1985, a new political party was brewing just outside Rwanda. Many exiled Tutsi banded together to form the Rwandan Patriotic Front that sought to eliminate the ethnic discrimination and demand that they be allowed to return to their homes in Rwanda as full citizens as they once were (World Without Genocide, 2018). The Spread of Propaganda Against the Tutsis The Hutus were determined to make sure that all of Rwanda was aware of the Inyenzi meaning cockroach. They created radio stations and magazines for the sole purpose of stirring up newfound hate for the Tutsi. The Kangura, meaning the phrase wake others up, was used to spread hate with many editions featuring derogatory cartoons and lies about the Tutsi. It even went as far as writing up 10 commandments for the Hutu in Kangura edition six. It stated what made a Hutu a traitor, whether it was acquiring a Tutsi wife or concubine (Kayibanda, 1990), or form[ing] a business alliance with Tutsi (Kayibanda, 1990).

How to Use In, An or Auf Properly

Although German is a straightforward language once you learn the rules, you cant always directly translate every word from English. In fact, the more you study some words, the more confusing they may become. Three German prepositions, in particular, can be tricky for beginners: in, an and auf.   What Is a Preposition? A preposition is a word that is typically paired with a noun (or pronoun, like he or she) that helps you understand that words relationship to another part of the sentence. For example, prepositions can refer to the nouns position in space or time. Like put your feet  under  the table, or go shopping  after  class. But many English prepositions have different meanings. Under can be below, but it can also mean less than. Some prepositions are colloquial or you just have to memorize them, like get down with.   The same goes for German. You can memorize the meanings of the prepositions, but not all will be a direct translation of the English counterpart.   These are all two-way prepositions, meaning the noun/pronoun that follows this  preposition  will be conjugated in the accusative (if it is used to express motion/action, like I walk into the store) or dative (if it is used to express a location or position, like I stand in the street). In English, the preposition does not change the noun/pronoun it precedes.   In Means: in, into, to Examples: Ich stehe in der Straße. (I stand in the street.) Die Frau ist in der Università ¤t. (The woman is in the university, as in she is physically inside the university building. If you want to say you are enrolled in the university, you say, an der  Università ¤t, as in at the university. See below.)   An Means: at, to, up next to   Examples: Ich sitze an dem Tisch. (I am sitting at the table.) Die Frau ist  an der  Tankstelle. (The woman is at the gas station, as in she is literally standing up next to the vertical gas pump. It can be helpful to think about a side-by-side, vertical encounter to remember when to use an as in up next to.)   Auf Means: on, on top of Examples: Die Backerei ist auf der Hauptstraße. (The bakery is on the main street.) Die Frau ist  auf  der Bank. (The woman is on the bench, as in she is literally sitting on top of the horizontal bench. A horizontal encounter is often key for auf.)   Other Considerations Some verbs come standard with a preposition. Think about hang out or hang up in English; the preposition is an important component of the verb that actually changes the meaning of it.

Girl with the Dragon Tattoo - 907 Words

The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo By: Steig Larsson The book that I chose to read was, The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo. In the book we learn about social issues that are not only found in Sweden but from all over the world. Through the book the two main characters solve a murder mystery from 40 years ago. While solving the murder mystery, social issues are brought up time and time again. One of major issues that are brought to the reader’s attention is sexual violence that is used towards women. The other issue that is preceded in the book is the image that Lisbeth Salander has of herself. One of the major social issues that are brought up in the book is sexual violence against Lisbeth Salander. Lisbeth Salander is the one of the†¦show more content†¦Many women today are getting biotics and surgery to keep their bodies looking great according to how Hollywood precedes women. This social issue is effecting American women the hardest by allowing them to go overseas and get certain surgeries that are not allowed here in the United States. Larsson’s connection to this issue might be harmless but it probably didn’t help young women reading this book. Like many other author’s Larsson isn’t the only author that betrays women in a bad way. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo is a very good book and offers an adventure for its readers. Although there are some major social issues that are brought to the reader’s attention, this book will keep you on your toes. Even after Larsson’s death his books still continue to sell as a best seller novel. Readers will be left wondering about some of the characters and the problems they have but still are able to solve the 40 year old murder mystery. Work Cited Lengal, Kerry. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo. . March 13, 2011 . Lersson, Stieg. The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo. Sweden: , 2009. Traywick, Catherine A. The Rape of â€Å"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo†. . March 13, 2011 . Schwartz, Missy. The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo trilogy: Did Stieg Larsson have a problem with women?. EWS Shelf LifeShow MoreRelatedThe Girl With The Dragon Tattoo1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by Stieg Larsson For the last and final essay of the semester, I decided to pick a couple themes that are included in The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by Stieg Larsson. Themes are a very important part of any story, play, poem, or any writing for that matter. It is important to understand what themes are involved in a story because it helps the reader better understand what is going on throughout it all. This novel has two main characters named Lisbeth Salander andRead MoreA Review of The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo1165 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ There have been few works of popular literature written in the new century which have so accurately captured the conflicted state of feminist identity in todays modern corporate culture that Stieg Larssons 2005 novel The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo. Written in a searing tone which is representative of the repressed rage exuded by Lisbeth Salander, the enigmatic heroine who suffers atrocious crimes at the hand of powerful men and wields a sadistic sense of vigilante-style vengeance against thoseRead MoreThe Girl With The Dragon Tattoo Analysis1744 Words   |  7 Pages Surname 1 Author: Professor’s name: Course name: Date of Submission: The Portrayal of Women On the surface of the novel, â€Å"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo† is a simple uncomplicated thriller, but at a deeper level, the novel is a complex and in-depth examination and analysis of the violent abuse against women in Sweden, particularly concentrating on the distorted and rather warped philosophies as well as the failure of the government that permit and accentuate such acts. More importantly, theRead MoreGender And Sexuality : The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo854 Words   |  4 Pagespart of the Swedish crime novels since most of their writing has to do about a conflict between two opposite genders. The girl with the dragon tattoo, one of the most famous Swedish crime novel, written by Stieg Larsson addresses these issues. In this particular book, men and women tend to have the equal amount of power. Sallander, in other words, â€Å"the girl with the dragon tattoo† has almost the same amount of power as the Mikel Blomkvist, which is the main character of the no vel and also a male genderRead MoreThe Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by Stieg Larsson773 Words   |  4 PagesWhile I was reading the novel Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by Stieg Larsson, I realized that this story not only portrays the theme of violence and sexual abuse, but it was also about the importance of and friendship and relationships. The novel illustrates the real life effects of sexual violence on victims and survivors, emphasizing the importance of getting help and the triumph of mentally surviving the event. Having friends and most importantly relationships, did a big part in the story to helpRead MoreMovie Review : Chinatown And The Girl With The Dragon 875 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Chinatown† and â€Å"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo† Noir (noir means black in French) is a style which was frequently seen in 1940-1950s film mostly consisting of crime, sex and fiction. Modern motion pictures use the same genre, but updated visual, theme and content. Neo-noir, Greek term neo means new, making term new black. Noir movies are very popular among the audiences. Chinatown (1974) directed by Roman Polanski, starring Jack Nicholson (Protagonist) as Jake Gittes, FayeRead MoreFemale Protagonists of Detective Narratives938 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay will focus on female protagonists who are the center and driving force behind a detective narrative. I will compare and contrast Clarice Starling in The Silence of the Lambs and Lisbeth Salander from The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo to explore two women that are progressive in breaking through traditional gender roles and are successful at portraying a female that goes against the grain. These women portray unique and progressive ideas about sexuality. Clarice and Lisbeth are two empoweredRead MoreGone Girl By David Fincher1268 Words   |  6 Pagesthat their creation is definitive enough to be traced back to its creator. In order to identify these definitive components, an auteur must establish common thematic and formal elements that their texts typically contain. In David Fincher’s film Gone Girl (2014), Amy Dunne suddenly vanishes, seemingly from violent kidnapping, leaving her husband, Nick Dunne, in a media frenzy over his suspected involvement in her disappearance. The film utilizes some of his most common thematic elements: paternal orRead MoreThe Marine Corps Should Have No Restrictions On Tattoos Essay867 Words   |  4 Pagesthat is tattoos. I am here to argue that tattoos can view as freedom of expression, strong Naval tradition, and more importantly no hindrance on job performance. The Marine Corps should have no restrictions on tattoos. Over the past 50 years’ tattoos have continued to grow in popularity, yet the Marine Cor ps wants to place restrictions on their service members; claiming their policy is design to help their service members to maintain a discipline appearance. It would be proven that tattoo is viewedRead MoreThe Evolution of Film-Making Technology1417 Words   |  6 Pagesthe digital transformed directors. Red One is considered to be one of the purest digital alternative to 35mm film. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by David Fincher was crafted in 5 weeks and mostly shot with RED Epic MX and Epic machines. For a total of 483 hours of shot material, 443 were actually used in the workflow. The â€Å"workflow† in The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo plays a key role in terms of aesthetics: each single take and frame has been revised so that the visual rhythm could be more

Key Stages in the Devlopment of an Effecive Team

Questions: 1. What are the key stages in the devlopment of an effecive team? What performance indicators can be used to assess a team ? 2. How did this link to your Activity?3. Did you have any problems with these stages? Answers: 1. Teamwork leads to time saved, issues settled, more group collaboration, better correspondence, higher resolving power, more vitality, cooperative actions, excitement, innovativeness, dutifulness, keener interest and undeniably, a better quality output. An effecive team leads to better social relations and points out strengths inside the organisations. Numerous activities are planned to uncover, identify and address interpersonal strengths and weaknesses inside the teams and this in turn leads to growth and organisational profits. But all this is possible only with the creation of a proper and effective team (Smith, Imbrie and Smith, 2007). Team building is one of the ways of organisational improvement that can be connected to small and large groups, for example, sports groups, school classes, military units or flight teams. The formal meaning of team building comprises: Aligning around objectives Building viable working connections Reducing colleagues dubiousness and giving them proper goals and definitions. Finding answers for group issues The process of effective team building is effective recruitment, induction, regular motivation and viable training. Once a team starts operating appropriately, timely mentoring and enhancing team knowledge are given importance. These are: Awareness of team members strengths - Knowing strengths well the best ways of bringing out the best in each. This is possible when one knows where to use a member and where to let them be, depending on the respective strong areas. Team Roles - Belbin explains team roles very well. He recommends that individuals have a tendency to play a specific part. It relates to ones own common working style, as well as interrelationships with others, and the work being finished. The general population one works with, might act and associate distinctively to this in various groups or whenever there is a substitution in the participation in teams with each other (Mindtools.com, 2016). All this affects team roles. Thus excessive amount of dependence on team roles cannot be practiced, though it is a fact that people in general assume roles in a team with common understanding which is, with time. Team Development - An effective example of tam development is given by Tuckman. He looked into 50 articles on gathering improvement and saw that there were two components normal to these little teams: the interpersonal or team structure, and the undertaking of actions. From this he recognized that teams developed into groups by means of four basic stages. Stage One is where colleagues have inquiries concerning reason, conduct, desires, needs, issues, and markers of achievement. Stage Two has colleagues test each other (Rickards and Moger, 2000). This can be a phase of protectiveness, pressure, envy, argumentation, and so forth. Stage Three has colleagues starting to cooperate and keep the group's guidelines. Stage Four focuses on Performing. In this stage the street to achievement gets to be clearer. Vehicles for critical thinking, clash determination, and thought sharing are in full rigging and groups are functioning as a unit to fulfil execution objectives. Weaknesses; sensitivities This is essentially an act at a more personal level where colleagues have bonded and start feeling and caring for each other. They assist others with weaknesses and assist them too. Supporting all team members Followed by sensitiveness is the supporting act of colleagues within a team. Team Cohesion Team union is created after some time. Social researchers have clarified the marvel of team unity in various ways. Some recommend that unity or cohesion among gathering individuals creates from an uplifted feeling of having a place, and in addition from coordinated effort and association (Callow, et. al, 2009). Team administration is the idea of altering the creation, setting or execution of a group or work bunch keeping in mind the end goal to expand the adequacy of the team as measured by Organizational benchmarks or definitions for teams Correlation with expected results of the team Group conflict and levels of cooperation Group turnover, e.g. opportunities for career growth Recognition of performances and respective contributions Team leadership (strong, weak, leadership styles) Positive, strong working connections among all colleagues A well-collaborated team displays a performance which then, has to be measured as well as assessed to keep the cycle of growth running. To name a few indicators which can be used to assess a team are: Target Setting- Setting specific goals for teams on a whole Monitoring Making sure operations are chasing the goals Review Revising goals and performances timely (Doppler and Lauterburg, 2001) Performance Against Targets Measuring the real development against the assumed ones Support Giving support to all members of the team to achieve respective targets Development of Team Members- Finding the loopholes in performance and making plans for their learning and development based on performances (Chu and Cushman, 1995) 2. How did this link to your Activity? It helped me understand Team Development and apply it in my real life group activities. 3. Did you have any problems with these stages? In place of posing any problem, this understanding helps me to manage and handle my social life well. References Callow, N., Smith, M.J., Hardy, L., Arthur, C.A. and Hardy, J., 2009. Measurement of transformational leadership and its relationship with team cohesion and performance level.Journal of Applied Sport Psychology,21(4), pp.395-412. Chu, Y. and Cushman, D. (1995). Organizational teamwork in high-speed management. Albany: State University of New York Press. Doppler, K. and Lauterburg, C. (2001). Managing Corporate Change. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Mindtools.com. (2016). Belbin's Team Roles: How Understanding Team Roles Can Improve Team Performance. [Online] Available at: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_83.htm [Accessed 10 Mar. 2016]. Rickards, T. and Moger, S., 2000. Creative leadership processes in project team development: an alternative to Tuckman's stage model.British journal of Management,11(4), pp.273-283. Smith, K., Imbrie, P. and Smith, K. (2007). Teamwork and project management. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

A Rose for Emily Essay

A Rose for Emily Essay Women have always fought for equality amidst a predominately male-run society. In the late 1800s and at the turn of the century, women improved their status in society a great deal. They formed the National American Woman Suffrage Association in 1890 and gained the right to vote with passing of the 19th Amendment in 1920. However, the transition from passive to active women in society was not a smooth one; many people, both men and women, did not agree with these changes. In Faulkners A Rose for Emily, the Gierson home and Emily are symbols of the shift society undertakes, adjusting to the changing power in women from submissive to influential. The Giersons home parallels Emily and what she stands for: old traditions that are deteriorating and unwelcome in a changing country. Like the house, Emily grows up in the past, a time in which women had no rights and were under the complete control of the men in their lives. In the beginning, the house is white(75) , symbolizing Emilys purity and innocence, a result of her sheltered and controlled life. However, the house, and patriarchal ideology it stands for, becomes an eyesore among eyesores (75) in the neighborhood, as the next generation, with it more modern ideas, became mayors and aldermen(75). The house contrasts the newer community, Emily contrasts the younger community, and the old beliefs that the house and Emily represent contrast the more liberal community. The Giersons home represents a shift from old to new by having both past and present qualities. It physically contrasts with the newer community, showing how the old belief of passive women that the house stands for is being pushed out by the new ideals of stronger, more independent women. The house is old-fashioned and even decaying, having a style of the [eighteen-] seventies(75) that encroached and obliterated even the august names of that neighborhood(75). Standing out negatively in the community, the house mirrors the old belief of weak women; the community is disgusted by the home like it is disgusted by the thought of passive females. Later on in the story, there is a smell from the house, which the town quickly destroys by sprinkl[ing] lime [in the cellar], and in all the outbuildings(77). The town quickly and secretively does away with the smell of the home like it does with the old viewpoint of women. Though the Giersons home encompasses characteristics of the past, it also hints at the future, showing that it is in the middle of a transformation from past to present. No matter how weak the house seems, it is also stubborn (75), with a big, squarish frame(75) that demands to be recognized and respected. When Emily dies, the town enters the home, which no one had seen in forty years, and which would have to be forced(80). The house is strong, and it takes the entire community to force it open. The town and the ideals it stands for force their way into the home, physically taking over the place; the new view, of powerful, self-sufficient women, takes over the last hint of the towns past. The house still looks old and ancient, yet it comes to represent a new idea and so it has made the shift, along with the community, to welcoming powerful women as a new part of their world. Emily is a woman that belongs in the past yet inevitably changes with the times, getting caught in the contradictory beliefs of past and present. Emily embodies a woman that the town does not want: old- fashioned and reliant on men. When the townspeople try to collect taxes from Emily, she turns them over to Colonel Sartoris, though he is dead; she cannot defend herself without a man for backup. Because her father controlled her whole life, she cannot hand over the body for three days after his death. When she finally does, Emily had nothing left(77) and Ð £would have to cling to that which had robbed her(77). Totally under the rule of her father, she is weak and submissive, even becoming physically sick because the only person in her life has left her. She recovers only when another man, Homer Barron, enters her life to take care of her. To physically get better, Emily has to be under another mans dominance, and, when he would leave Emily like her father did, Emily keeps him by poi soning him. Even after Homers death, she sleeps next to his dead body and leaves an indentation of [her] head(81) next to his. Emily can not let go of the old beliefs that are ingrained in her mind, the belief that she needs a man to be complete. All throughout the story, Emily also has Ð £a doddering Negro man to wait on her(80). Another man is taking care of Emily until her death, and this servant, even possibly a slave, emphasizes Emilys conservatism even in a changing society. While Emilys two female cousins can travel alone and, later on, hold her funeral service without the guidance of men, Emily is dependent on countless men in her life, and dies alone and sad because of this; the last hint of old- fashioned, patriarchal beliefs have no place in the maturing world of Emilys society. However, though Emily symbolizes the past, she also symbolizes the future by being strong and independent. Throughout the story, Emily carried her head high enough as if she demanded more than ever the recognition of her dignity(78), and would never have accepted charity(75). Taking on the whole town, no one can make her pay taxes, go into her home, or put numbers on the house for free postal delivery. Even the druggist illegally orders arsenic for Emily, who Ð £just stared at him, her head tilted back in order to look him eye for eye(78). Emily is able to get what she wants, standing up to the townspeople and aldermen who demanded taxes from her. Emily herself is caught in the middle of this shift in power for women, undertaking an adjustment, from completely under the whim of her father and Homer Barron, to being able to take on the community who, together, has tried to demand her to change. Faulkners use of the Giersons home and Emily together symbolizes a critical issue dealt with during the time of the story and during the time in which the story was written. A Rose for Emily comments on how one society dealt with these dramatic changes, and how ultimately America deals with these changes; both, in the end, push out the past and move on to the future, with a more equal society for women. However, there are still reminisces of discrimination against women, like the Gierson house was still standing, a reminder of the past and all the beliefs it stood for. You can also order a custom term paper, research paper, thesis, dissertation or essay on A Rose for Emily from our professional custom essay writing service which provides high-quality custom written papers at an affordable cost.

Middle Ages essays

Middle Ages essays At the beginning of the Middle Ages, most trade was in expensive goods, but soon there was trade in all items, even like food. There was trade between countries for things like spices as well as local trade. Towns grew around the local markets. Markets were very different in the middle ages than our marketplaces. Crossing roads often became marketplaces. People selling things had to set up tents. A lot of people came to the marketplace to shop. The people even sang songs that told how busy marketplaces could be. The peasants sold crops and livestock. The artisans sold their art. Going to a marketplace was like going to a carnival or fair. Some towns became rich because their people specialized in a certain type of thing. A guild was a group of people with a common interest. People formed religious and social guilds. The most important guild was a group of merchants and craft workers. One reason that merchant guilds were organized was for greater security against attack as they traveled. Craft guilds were bakers, brewers, goldsmiths, tailors, weavers and other craft workers. To protect their members, they established rules much like the rules of the merchant. guilds. There were different levels of craft workers. A journeyman went through training. He was a skilled worker who got paid. He couldn't open a shop because he wasn't a guild member. He had to work for a master for three years. The final year he had to make a masterpiece to become a member of the guild. An apprentice is someone who went to live with a skilled person who would teach the apprentice everything he would need to know to become good at whatever he was studying. The apprentice was kind of like an assistant to his master. He would watch his master to learn how to do his master's craft. Apprentices did not get paid. One of the biggest things that affected life was silk. They did not have silk they only had wool. So silk was a big advancement for them especiall...

Different Paths to God Found in Bonaventure's The Soul's (or Mind's) Term Paper

Different Paths to God Found in Bonaventure's The Soul's (or Mind's) Journey to God - Term Paper Example The path detailed in The Soul’s Journey to God is a path to ecstasy, to truly knowing the Creator. Bonaventure describes this path as, â€Å"the road by which this rapture is reached† (54). This is a path that no believer can pass through alone. It is only through Christ that we can attain ecstasy. â€Å"There is no other path but through the burning love of the Crucified† (54). So one must both desire to be close to God, have faith and love, and also realize that you cannot do it yourself. You must have the help of Christ to attain your goal. We attain the first degree through â€Å"an outcry of prayer† and â€Å"the flash of insight† (55). Both of these must come through Christ. Bonaventure issues an invitation: â€Å"I invite the reader to the groans of prayer through Christ crucified.† But the first step is purification of the spirit. Bonaventure admonishes that you must first exercise your conscience and experience remorse. But again, on e must begin with Christ. â€Å"We cannot rise above ourselves unless a Higher Power lifts us up† (59). This process involves a three-prong process, which according to Bonaventure, mirrors the three days in the wilderness described in Exodus. He also compares it to the three periods of light in a day: evening, morning, and noon. He also relates it to the threefold essence of Christ. This three-prong process begins with the material. The second prong is about the spirit. And the third prong is the mind. These are much like the three essences of God, which are material, temporal, and exterior. In order to know God, you must pass through his essences. Since God had a literal Hand in creating all things in the physical world, you can find Him in all physical things. Therefore, all physical things on the Earth can point you toward God. Thus, the three-prongs of understanding and readying yourself for an encounter with God begin with the material, move toward the spirit, and then l astly through the mind. Bonaventure explains that any of these prongs can be doubled, which is why he has broken the process into six steps. Bonaventure explains the correlation to the creation of the universe. God took six days to create the world and then took the seventh day to rest. Our world is a minute version. As Bonaventure explains, â€Å"so the smaller world of man is led in a most orderly fashion by six successive stages of illumination to the quiet of contemplation† (61). This also corresponds to the six stages of the powers of the soul. Bonaventure explains that we ascend through these stages: â€Å"sense, imagination, reason, understanding, intelligence, and the summit of the mind†¦we have these implanted in us by nature, deformed by sin, and reformed by grace. They must be cleansed by justice† (62). Returning to this quiet of contemplation is akin to returning to our original state of being. We were created as perfect for the quiet of contemplation. However, when Adam and Eve turned away from their original intention, mankind was also turned from our perfect state of being, designed for the quiet of contemplation. Our next phase after examining the material is to look into our spirit and see where we can find God. God’s image is not only spiritual, but everlasting. We must see how our interior reflects God, who created us all. Bonaventure uses the metaphor of a mirror. You are both looking for God in a mirror and through a mirror. Bonaventure explains that ascendancy to God requires the avoidance of sin, â€Å"